Summary

İnfiltratif Lenfositlerinin Analiz Olmayan enzimatik ayırmak Taze İnsan Dokusuna Basit ve Hızlı Protokolü

Published: December 06, 2014
doi:

Summary

This protocol describes the rapid non-enzymatic dissociation of fresh human tissue fragments for qualitative and quantitative assessment of CD45+ cells (lymphocytes/leukocytes) present in various normal and malignant human tissues. Additionally, the supernatant obtained from the primary tissue homogenate can be collected and stored for further analysis or experimentation.

Abstract

doğal ve adaptif immün yanıtların hem tümör kaçış ile karakterize bağışıklık sistemini, kaçmak için malign hücrelerin yeteneği şimdi kanser önemli bir ayırt edici niteliği olarak kabul edilmektedir. Meme kanseri ile ilgili araştırma tümör infiltre lenfositleri tümör ilerlemesi ve hasta sonuç oynadığı aktif rolü üzerinde duruluyor. Bu hedefe doğru, biz onların yerli devlet onları yakın değerlendirmek için bir çaba, normal ve anormal dokuların sağlam lenfoid hücrelerin hızlı izolasyonu için bir metodoloji geliştirdi. Yüzey reseptörü ifadesi karşılaştırıldığında için enzim-sindirilmiş dokuları koruyarak mekanik ayıracı gösterisi hem artan canlılık ve hücre kurtarma kullanılarak hazırlanan Homojenatlar. Ayrıca, kalan çözünmeyen malzemenin enzimatik sindirim birincil homojenatında nicel ve nitel ölçümler olasılıkla gerçekten doku fragmanının içinde infiltre subpopülasyonunun yansıttığını belirten ek CD45 + hücreler geri vermedient. Bu homojenatlarında lenfoid hücreleri kolayca immünolojik (fenotip, proliferasyon, vs.) ya da moleküler (DNA, RNA ve / veya proteini) ile karakterize edilen yaklaşmaktadır. CD45 + hücreleri, alt popülasyonu saflaştırma in vitro genişlemesi veya iyileştirilmesi için de kullanılabilir. Bu yaklaşımın bir başka faydası da homojenatlarında birincil doku süpernatan normal ve habis dokular sitokinleri, kemokinleri immünoglobinlerin ve bu antijenleri karakterize etmek ve karşılaştırmak için kullanılabilir olmasıdır. Bu protokol, son derece düzgün şekilde insan meme dokularında ve normal ve anormal doku çeşitli için geçerli olmalıdır.

Introduction

The tumor microenvironment is composed of various cell types with numerous studies showing they each play distinct and important roles in tumorigenesis1,2. These include, but are not limited to, infiltrating immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells and tumor cells3. Ex vivo studies of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL; CD45+ cells or leukocytes, which are predominantly lymphocytes in breast tumors) from fresh human tissue samples is made difficult by their low frequency, the small sample sizes often available for research and the potential for loss of viability during extraction. Because immune cells infiltrating tumors are usually present as passengers rather than permanent residents in general they are easier to release from the tissue matrix.

Dissociating tumor tissue while maintaining cellular integrity is technically challenging and has traditionally been performed using a combination of mechanical and enzymatic steps to prepare single cell suspensions4-8. This approach involves lengthy incubation periods and is associated with a significant reduction in cell viability as well as the loss of cell surface receptors by enzymatic cleavage. High quality flow cytometric studies characterizing TIL in the tumor microenvironment as well as clean purifications of CD45+ subpopulations by flow cytometry or antibody-coated beads are more difficult to achieve from enzyme-digested tumor tissue. In addition, the supernatant (SN) from the resulting tumor homogenate is not amenable to further analysis including quantification of secreted proteins (cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins or tumor antigens) or experimental treatment of normal cells, because of the potential for protein degradation in the enzymatic digests.

In our search for a method to prepare single cell homogenates from breast tissues [including tumor, non-adjacent non-tumor (NANT) and normal (from mammary reductions) breast tissues] without enzymatic digestion, we tested a variety of mechanical homogenization techniques. Homogenates prepared using a mechanical dissociator had increased cell viability (2-fold) and total cell recovery (2-fold) while preserving surface receptor expression. Enzymatic digestion of the remaining insoluble material did not recover additional CD45+ cells suggesting they were all released in the initial homogenate. Thus, this rapid and simple approach allows both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the CD45+ subpopulations present in various normal and malignant human tissues. An added advantage of this approach is that the SN from the initial homogenate (primary tissue SN) can be collected and stored for further analysis or experimentation.

Protocol

NOT: Tüm örnekler, her hastadan alınan yazılı bilgilendirilmiş onayı ile Enstitü Jules Bordet Tıp Etiği Komitesi tarafından onaylanan bir protokol kullanılarak elde edildi. Doku homojenatı hazırlanması 1. Rezeke dokular (ameliyathane gelen rezeke malign ve normal doku) teşrih hemen pikap için eğitilmiş personel tarafından patoloji laboratuarında vardır. Tümör, NANT (mümkün olduğunca tümör uzak mesafe alınmıştır) ve normal doku parçaları rutin 1 i…

Representative Results

Ticari olarak temin edilebilen doku ayrılma çözeltiler ya da kollajenaz çeşitli laboratuar karışımları DNase ve / veya hiyaluronidaz önleyicileri ya da doku parçalarının enzimatik sindirim, hücre yüzeyi üzerindeki reseptörler çeşitli bölmektedir. Ilk olarak göğüs tümörlerini nüfuz eden CD4 + T hücreleri üzerinde duruldu Çalışmalarımız, hızlı bir şekilde bağlı standart enzimatik sindirim protokolleri 4-8 kullanılarak yüzey CD4 reseptör ayrılması için önem…

Discussion

Bu çalışma, daha sonra hücre sıralama, ekstraksiyon, dondurarak saklama ve / veya CD45 + altgrupları fenotipik analizi için enzimatik sindirme, normal ve habis meme doku homojenatlarında hızlı hazırlanması için iyileştirilmiş bir yöntem tarif etmektedir. Bu deneysel yaklaşımın amacı yakından in vivo durumunu yansıtır ve ameliyathane taze dokuların az manipülasyon ile normal dokulara bunları karşılaştırmak TIL görüntüleri üretmektir. Bugüne kadar, bizim laboratuvar&g…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Hibe tarafından desteklenen bu çalışma Bilimsel Araştırma (FNRS), Les Amis de l'Institut Bordet, FNRS-Opération Télévie, Belçika Planı Kanser, Fonds Lambeau-Marteaux, Fonds JC Heuson ve Fonds Barsy Belçika Fonu verdiğinde.

Materials

Equipment Company Catalog Number Comments/Description
GentleMacs Dissociator  Miltenyi Biotec 130-093-235 BD Medimachine is somewhat equivalent
Centrifuge 5810 R Eppendorf N/A or other standard table top centrifuge
Centrifuge 5417 R Eppendorf N/A or other standard microcentrifuge
Esco Class II A2 Biosafety Cabinet ESCO global N/A or other standard BSL2 hood
Inverted Microscope Nikon eclipse TS100 N/A or other microscope compatible for a hemacytometer
Bürker Chamber Marienfield  640210 or other standard hemacytometer
Navios Flow Cytometer Beckman Coulter N/A or other flow cytometer (8-10 color recommended)
Materials Company Catalog Number Comments/Description
GentleMacs C-Tube Miltenyi Biotec 130-096-344 BD Medimachine uses Filcon
Cell Culture Dish Sarstedt 72,710 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
Disposable Scalpel Swann-Morton 0510 or standard single use sterile scalpel
BD Cell Strainer 40µm Becton Dickinson 734-0002 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
BD Falcon Tube 50mL Becton Dickinson 352070 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
BD Falcon Tube 15mL Becton Dickinson 352097 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
BD FACS Tube 5mL Becton Dickinson 352008 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
Sterile Pasteur Pipette 5 mL  VWR 612-1685 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
Microfuge Tube 1.5 mL Eppendorf 7805-00 or other non-pyrogenic plasticware 
Reagents Company Catalog Number Comments/Description
X-Vivo 20 Lonza BE04-448Q serum-free medium recommended
Phosphate buffered saline Lonza BE17-516F standard physiological PBS
Trypan blue  VWR 17942E or other vital stain
VersaLyse Beckman Coulter A09777 for flow cytometry experiments
Fixable viability Dye eFluor 780  eBioscience 65-0865-14 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD3 FITC BD Biosciences 345763 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD3 Vio Blue Miltenyi Biotec 130-094-363 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD4 PE BD Biosciences 345769 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD4 APC Miltenyi Biotec 130-091-232 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD8 ECD Beckman Coulter 737659 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD8 PerCP BD Biosciences 345774 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD19 APC-Vio770 Miltenyi Biotec 130-096-643 for flow cytometry experiments
anti-CD45 VioGreen Miltenyi Biotec 130-096-906 for flow cytometry experiments

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Cite This Article
Garaud, S., Gu-Trantien, C., Lodewyckx, J., Boisson, A., De Silva, P., Buisseret, L., Migliori, E., Libin, M., Naveaux, C., Duvillier, H., Willard-Gallo, K. A Simple and Rapid Protocol to Non-enzymatically Dissociate Fresh Human Tissues for the Analysis of Infiltrating Lymphocytes. J. Vis. Exp. (94), e52392, doi:10.3791/52392 (2014).

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